Persistence and Change in California’s Kelp Forests — 3 Sep 2025
Just over a decade ago, California’s iconic kelp forests experienced the largest marine heat wave on record and an outbreak of kelp-eating sea urchins. The loss of some forests and persistence of others in Monterey Bay revealed new insight into the ecological role of sea otters and sea urchins, and the importance of marine ecosystem conservation for resilience.
Joshua Smith, Ph.D., is a faculty member at UC Santa Cruz. His research group studies how species interactions and environmental change organize the structure, functioning and stability of coastal ecosystems.